| GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Internals: Stack Arguments |
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The macros in this section control how arguments are passed on the stack. See the following section for other macros that control passing certain arguments in registers.
This target hook returns true if an argument declared in a
prototype as an integral type smaller than int should actually be
passed as an int. In addition to avoiding errors in certain
cases of mismatch, it also makes for better code on certain machines.
The default is to not promote prototypes.
A C expression. If nonzero, push insns will be used to pass
outgoing arguments.
If the target machine does not have a push instruction, set it to zero.
That directs GCC to use an alternate strategy: to
allocate the entire argument block and then store the arguments into
it. When PUSH_ARGS is nonzero, PUSH_ROUNDING must be defined too.
A C expression. If nonzero, function arguments will be evaluated from
last to first, rather than from first to last. If this macro is not
defined, it defaults to PUSH_ARGS on targets where the stack
and args grow in opposite directions, and 0 otherwise.
A C expression that is the number of bytes actually pushed onto the stack when an instruction attempts to push npushed bytes.
On some machines, the definition
#define PUSH_ROUNDING(BYTES) (BYTES)
will suffice. But on other machines, instructions that appear to push one byte actually push two bytes in an attempt to maintain alignment. Then the definition should be
#define PUSH_ROUNDING(BYTES) (((BYTES) + 1) & ~1)
If the value of this macro has a type, it should be an unsigned type.
A C expression. If nonzero, the maximum amount of space required for outgoing arguments
will be computed and placed into
crtl->outgoing_args_size. No space will be pushed
onto the stack for each call; instead, the function prologue should
increase the stack frame size by this amount.
Setting both PUSH_ARGS and ACCUMULATE_OUTGOING_ARGS
is not proper.
Define this macro if functions should assume that stack space has been allocated for arguments even when their values are passed in registers.
The value of this macro is the size, in bytes, of the area reserved for arguments passed in registers for the function represented by fndecl, which can be zero if GCC is calling a library function. The argument fndecl can be the FUNCTION_DECL, or the type itself of the function.
This space can be allocated by the caller, or be a part of the
machine-dependent stack frame: OUTGOING_REG_PARM_STACK_SPACE says
which.
Like REG_PARM_STACK_SPACE, but for incoming register arguments.
Define this macro if space guaranteed when compiling a function body
is different to space required when making a call, a situation that
can arise with K&R style function definitions.
Define this to a nonzero value if it is the responsibility of the caller to allocate the area reserved for arguments passed in registers when calling a function of fntype. fntype may be NULL if the function called is a library function.
If ACCUMULATE_OUTGOING_ARGS is defined, this macro controls
whether the space for these arguments counts in the value of
crtl->outgoing_args_size.
Define this macro if REG_PARM_STACK_SPACE is defined, but the
stack parameters don’t skip the area specified by it.
Normally, when a parameter is not passed in registers, it is placed on the
stack beyond the REG_PARM_STACK_SPACE area. Defining this macro
suppresses this behavior and causes the parameter to be passed on the
stack in its natural location.
This target hook returns the number of bytes of its own arguments that a function pops on returning, or 0 if the function pops no arguments and the caller must therefore pop them all after the function returns.
fundecl is a C variable whose value is a tree node that describes
the function in question. Normally it is a node of type
FUNCTION_DECL that describes the declaration of the function.
From this you can obtain the DECL_ATTRIBUTES of the function.
funtype is a C variable whose value is a tree node that
describes the function in question. Normally it is a node of type
FUNCTION_TYPE that describes the data type of the function.
From this it is possible to obtain the data types of the value and
arguments (if known).
When a call to a library function is being considered, fundecl will contain an identifier node for the library function. Thus, if you need to distinguish among various library functions, you can do so by their names. Note that “library function” in this context means a function used to perform arithmetic, whose name is known specially in the compiler and was not mentioned in the C code being compiled.
size is the number of bytes of arguments passed on the stack. If a variable number of bytes is passed, it is zero, and argument popping will always be the responsibility of the calling function.
On the VAX, all functions always pop their arguments, so the definition
of this macro is size. On the 68000, using the standard
calling convention, no functions pop their arguments, so the value of
the macro is always 0 in this case. But an alternative calling
convention is available in which functions that take a fixed number of
arguments pop them but other functions (such as printf) pop
nothing (the caller pops all). When this convention is in use,
funtype is examined to determine whether a function takes a fixed
number of arguments.
A C expression that should indicate the number of bytes a call sequence
pops off the stack. It is added to the value of RETURN_POPS_ARGS
when compiling a function call.
cum is the variable in which all arguments to the called function have been accumulated.
On certain architectures, such as the SH5, a call trampoline is used
that pops certain registers off the stack, depending on the arguments
that have been passed to the function. Since this is a property of the
call site, not of the called function, RETURN_POPS_ARGS is not
appropriate.
Next: Register Arguments, Previous: Elimination, Up: Stack and Calling [Contents][Index]